Tooth decay is a common oral health issue impacting people around the world. Even though it’s a familiar term, the true nature and extent of tooth decay might be unclear to many. This guide aims to offer an explanation of tooth decay, its causes, symptoms, treatments and preventive measures.
What Is Tooth Decay?
Tooth decay is a destructive process that ensues when the bacteria residing naturally in our mouths interact with sugars present in our diet. This interaction triggers an acid formation that can gradually dissolve the tooth’s outer surface, leading to the degradation of the enamel.
The Process Of Tooth Decay
- Plaque Formation: Is a collection of bacteria that are present in the mouth and sticks to the teeth.
- Acid Production: Bacteria in the plaque metabolise the sugars, culminating in acid production.
- Enamel Erosion: Prolonged exposure to these acid attacks weaken and gradually erode the enamel, leading to the formation of cavities.
Types Of Tooth Decay
Tooth decay can present in several ways:
- Pit and Fissure Decay: Occurs on the chewing surfaces of the molars and premolars.
- Smooth-surface Decay: Happens on the tooth’s outer flat surface where bacteria can form plaque.
- Root Decay: Typically occurs on the tooth root and is more common in older adults.
Causes Of Tooth Decay
Several factors contribute to tooth decay:
Dietary Causes
Consuming foods and drinks high in carbohydrates, especially sugars can increase the risk of tooth decay. This includes:
- Sweets and chocolates
- Fizzy drinks and fruit juices
- Biscuits, cakes and pastries
Poor Oral Hygiene
Inadequate brushing and flossing can lead to a build-up of plaque, which significantly contributes to tooth decay.
Other Factors
Additional factors can include:
- Dry mouth conditions
- Acid reflux disease
- Usage of certain medications
Symptoms And Diagnosis Of Tooth Decay
Symptoms
Early tooth decay might not show any noticeable symptoms. However, as decay progresses, it can cause:
- Consistent toothache
- Tooth sensitivity
- Mild to sharp pain when consuming hot or cold food and drinks
- Visible holes or pits in the teeth
Diagnosis
Dentists can diagnose tooth decay by conducting a thorough examination of the patient’s teeth, which may include X-rays and other diagnostic procedures.
Treatment And Prevention Of Tooth Decay
Treatment Options
The treatment for tooth decay depends on its severity and may include:
- Fluoride treatments
- Dental fillings or restorations
- If severe Root Canal Therapy
Preventive Measures
Preventing tooth decay involves:
- Brushing your teeth at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste
- Regular flossing
- Limiting sugary foods and drinks
- Regular dental check-ups
Tooth decay, although common, is largely preventable. By understanding its causes, recognising the symptoms early and adhering to the treatments and preventive measures, you can maintain excellent oral health.
Make Your Oral Health A Priority
We at Suncoast Dental offer quality dental care services that prioritise your oral health, helping you keep your smile free from tooth decay. Don’t hesitate and book an appointment today. Act now and take a step towards a healthier smile with Suncoast Dental.
